Here, chemical reactions will solidify the CO 2 into rock in a matter of months - thus preventing it from escaping back into the atmosphere for millions of years. Then it is pumped 1,000m beneath the surface. The fizzy liquid is then piped to the injection site 2km away. It starts with the capture of waste CO 2 from the steam used in the geothermal power plant there, which is then dissolved into large volumes of water. In Iceland a new process is taking place to fix carbon in the abundant Basalt rocks there. New technologies are emerging to fix carbon deep under the ground in a process known as Geologic sequestration. The carbon dioxide is then stored in carefully selected geological rock formation that are typically located several kilometres below the earth's surface. Millions of tonnes of carbon dioxide are already transported annually for commercial purposes by road tanker, ship and pipelinesģ. Transport the CO 2 by pipeline or by ship for safe storage. Capture technologies allow the separation of carbon dioxide from gases produced in electricity generation and industrial processes by one of three methods: pre-combustion capture, post-combustion capture and oxyfuel combustion.Ģ. This prevents the carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere.ġ. Making older technology more energy efficientĬarbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a technology that can capture up to 90% of the carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions produced in electricity generation and industrial processes from the use of fossil fuels. Mitigation can also include new attempts to actually remove carbon currently in the atmosphere.Ĭlimate change adaptation is different, this is how people can manage unavoidable impacts of climate change.Ĥ. Mitigation refers to efforts to cut or prevent the emission of greenhouse gases – this would limit the magnitude of future warming. Human interventions in the carbon cycle designed to influence carbon transfers and mitigate the impacts of climate change. To meet these challenges of climate change we need mitigation and adaptation. 2 Christian Aid issued a report that identified ten events that cost more than $1bn each, with four costing more than $7bn each. We have already seen more extreme weather over past decades and 2018 was a particularly hazardous year with major big freezes, forest fires, floods and droughts. Crop yields will fall dramatically in sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and Central and South America. There will be more human health risks such as malariaĦ. This will drive millions from their homesĥ. Vulnerable areas such as the low-lying coastal regions of Bangladesh and Vietnam, and island territories like Kiribati and the Maldives will see sea level rise. Huge numbers of animals and plants will become extinct as their habitat becomes smaller.Ĥ. The Arctic will be completely devoid of ice during summer at least once a decadeģ. There will be almost no coral reefs remainingĢ. We are on track to reach 1.5☌ between 20 if temperatures continues to increase at the current rate, and 3☌ by the end of the century.Īt 2☌ warming, major changes take place ġ. We will not achieve the limits we set to global warming agreed in Paris. The report was commissioned after the Paris Agreement of 2015 and looked at 2 major scenarios, warming of 1.5☌ and warming of 2☌. The report has taken over two years to produce and included the assessment of more than 6,000 scientific studies. In the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released in 2018 major issues for people globally are discussed. The consequences for people could be very significant. ![]() ![]() ![]() Consequences of changes to the carbon cycle for life on earthĮnhanced climate change is already happening and is set to get worse.
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